Two documents signed by Admiral John Hawkins and Lord Howard.

One document: an estimate for victualling (provisions) ships signed by Admiral John Hawkins and Lord Howard dated 1593; one fragment of a document with the signatures of both Hawkins and Howard.

Administrative / biographical background
Admiral Sir John Hawkins (1532–12 November 1595) was an English naval commander and administrator, merchant, navigator, shipbuilder, privateer and slave trader. He was considered the first English trader to profit from the Triangle Trade, based on selling supplies to colonies ill-supplied by their home countries, and their demand for African slaves in the Spanish colonies of Santo Domingo and Venezuela in the late 16th century. He styled himself "Captain General" as the General of both his own flotilla of ships and those of the English Royal Navy and to distinguish himself from those Admirals that served only in the administrative sense and were not military in nature. His cousin was Sir Francis Drake. As treasurer (1577) and comptroller (1589) of the Royal Navy, Hawkins rebuilt older ships and helped design the faster ships that withstood the Spanish Armada in 1588. One of the foremost seamen of 16th-century England, Hawkins was the chief architect of the Elizabethan navy. In the battle in which the Spanish Armada was defeated in 1588, Hawkins served as a vice admiral. He was knighted for gallantry. He later devised the naval blockade to intercept Spanish treasure ships leaving Mexico and South America. Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, 2nd Baron Howard of Effingham (1536–14 December 1624), known as Howard of Effingham, was an English statesman and Lord High Admiral under Elizabeth I and James I. He was commander of the English forces during the battles against the Spanish Armada and was chiefly responsible after Francis Drake for the victory that saved England from invasion by the Spanish Empire.

Record Details

Item reference: ADL/W/13; MSS/82/106.0 MS1982/106
Catalogue Section: Manuscript documents acquired singly by the Museum
Level: ITEM
Date made: 1593-1595
Credit: National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London
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