Print

High taxation (because of a failing war with France), together with an unpopular government during the 1370s, heightened tensions between the peasantry and their lords. In the summer of 1381, revolt broke out after the introduction of a poll tax. The rising was particularly well-organised and effective in Kent and Essex. The rebels converged on London and by 12 June were camped at Mile End and Blackheath. During the next few days, the different bands of rebels from Essex and Kent were joined by London's poor. They then set about executing ministers (including Archbishop Sudbury of Canterbury) and sacking the palaces of unpopular bishops and lords. Richard II met the peasants at Smithfield and defused a tense situation after the Mayor of London had killed the peasants leader, Wat Tyler. Richard's government promised many concessions - including the abolition of serfdom - but he broke its word when the peasants dispersed.