Loss of HMS 'Aboukir ', 'Hogue' and 'Cressy' in the Broad Fourteens action of 22 September 1914
The left half of an image of which PAD9942 is the other part. Together they represent the loss of two of the three pre-war British cruisers involved to torpedo attack by a single German submarine, U-9 (Commander Otto Weddigen), in the Broad Fourteens area of the North Sea on 22 September 1914 (the name applying to a wide area with consistent depth of 14 fathoms/ 84 feet). Owing to poor weather, the 7th Cruiser Squadron's destroyer screen had withdrawn and the 'Euryalus', fourth vessel of the North Sea patrol squadron, had returned to port to refuel, at a time when their own vulnerability had already been questioned and - on both sides of the conflict - submarine threat to warships was greatly underrated. U-9 itself only spotted the British ships by chance while returning from an unproductive patrol looking for merchant targets and systematically torpedoed them all, initially without being spotted, at ranges of 300-550 yards, with only one torpedo discharge from 1000 yards. This section of the drawing shows the capsized armoured cruiser 'Aboukir', the first victim. She was hit on the starboard side by one torpedo from U-9 at 06.30 and turned turtle after 25 minutes, floating bottom up for another five. Her men are being rescued by boats from her sisters 'Hogue' and 'Cressy', the former herself shown capsizing in the other part of the image. The shellfire in the background here may represent the unseen 'Cressy's' attempts to hit U-9 before she became the third casualty. In all 1459 men died, only 837 being rescued by two Dutch merchant ships and two Lowestoft trawlers. The incident shook British confidence in the Navy and led to radical reassessment of the submarine threat.
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Object Details
ID: | PAD9941 |
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Collection: | Fine art |
Type: | Drawing |
Display location: | Not on display |
Creator: | Wyllie, William Lionel |
Vessels: | Aboukir (1900); Hogue (1900) Cressy (1899) |
Date made: | circa 1915 |
Credit: | National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, Caird Collection |
Measurements: | 316 mm x 249 mm |