Barlow describes the reasons for the war between the East India Company and the Great Mogul, which was eventually settled by a peace treaty.

Barlow comments that the main cause of the war was the English refusal to pay customs duties. They argued that they have never done so, but were freed of such duties after an English doctor cured the Great Mogul some years before. The English were outnumbered in the war, and eventually settled peace terms. The Company built a factory at Cheteynotey.