After retiring from the navy, Fairfax entered public life and stood for the seat of York in 1713. His rival candidate, Mr Tobias Jenkins, alleged various irregularities and a ‘scrutiny’ or recount was called for, though Fairfax was still returned. He lost the seat the following year but was elected Alderman of the city of York. In 1715 he was elected Lord Mayor. The series includes several letters of congratulation from friends and supporters (FFX/4/1), lists of the electorate of York and copies of the petition sent to Parliament by Mr Tobias Jenkins (FFX/4/2).